The small town was declared a Museum Village due to its vast archaeological collection and its historical importance. It is the seat of the sixth largest municipality in Portugal, where there are also natural beauties, such as the Parque Natural do Vale do Guadiana.
There are about 100 archaeological sites in the park. They start from the Upper Paleolithic period. The settlement of Mértola dates back to around 1000 BC, Serpa may also date back to pre-Roman times. The Romans called Mertola Iulia Myrtilis, relics of this epoch were found mainly at Largo da Câmara. Remains of a Roman villa were found near Serpa.
Because the White houses in the old town the city will be called also white city. The first traces of human settlement date back to 3000 years before Christ. Serpa is definitely a city that deserves a visit with its over 5000 years of history from the medieval time, the Muslim takeover, the Spanish-Portuguese wars.
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