Guimarães, the first capital of Portugal, is a historically rich city in northern Portugal with approximately 158,000 residents. It was the birthplace of Dom Afonso I, the first king. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, it boasts significant landmarks like the 10th-century castle and the chapel of São Miguel. Accessible by train, bus, and car, Guimarães also features the Sanctuary da Penha with stunning views.